Digital Transformation Strategies in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Keywords:
Digital transformation, SMEs, digital leadership, innovation ecosystem, technological agilityAbstract
Objective: This study aims to identify and systematically analyze the effective strategies for implementing digital transformation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), focusing on technological, managerial, and ecosystem dimensions.
Methods and Materials: This qualitative review employed a thematic analysis approach. Data were collected through a systematic review of scientific literature from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and SID. Twelve relevant and high-quality articles were selected and analyzed using Nvivo version 14. The coding process was conducted in three stages—open, axial, and selective—and continued until theoretical saturation was achieved.
Findings: The thematic analysis revealed three main categories of digital transformation strategies: technological, managerial-organizational, and environmental-ecosystemic. At the technological level, adopting emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things was identified as the core driver. At the managerial level, digital leadership, human skill development, and a culture of learning played critical roles. At the ecosystem level, inter-organizational collaboration, governmental support, and digital sustainability were found to be essential enablers.
Conclusion: Digital transformation in SMEs is a multidimensional process that can only be achieved through synergy among technology, management, and the innovation ecosystem. A holistic and coordinated approach across these dimensions enhances technology adoption, operational efficiency, and competitive advantage at both national and international levels.
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